陈畏兵 马红梅 沈向英

    [摘要] 誤吸是长期鼻饲老年患者出现的严重并发症之一，常导致患者的窒息甚至死亡。临床医护人员对长期鼻饲老年患者预防误吸进行了大量的研究。本文从胃管的选择、胃管置入长度、胃管位置的判断、胃管固定方法、鼻饲时的体位和卧位、鼻饲的速度和鼻饲量、胃残余量的监测以及误吸风险的评估等方面相关研究进行综述，为减少长期鼻饲老年患者误吸，保障临床护理安全提供参考。

    [关键词] 老年患者；长期鼻饲；预防误吸；研究进展

    [中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)06(c)-0020-05

    [Abstract] Aspiration is one of the serious complications in elderly patients with long-term nasal feeding， which often leads to the ventricular or even death. The clinical medical staff have carried out a large number of studies on preventing aspiration with it. This paper reviewed in such as the selection of gastric tube ......