张仕华 孙辉 杜彦丹

    [摘要] 人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)根据致病性可分为高危型和低危型。高危型主要导致女性宫颈癌和男性阴茎癌，低危型主要引起生殖器疣。不同基因型所致疾病类型有一定的差异，女性鳞癌以HPV-16为主要型别;女性腺癌和腺鳞癌以HPV-18为主;男性阴茎癌以HPV-16、HPV-18感染为主;女性生殖器疣和男性生殖器疣、不孕症以HPV-6、HPV-11为主要型别。目前市场上针对HPV有预防性和治疗性两种疫苗，不同人群应有针对性地合理选择疫苗，对预防和清除HPV至关重要。

    [关键词] 人乳头瘤病毒感染;生殖系统肿瘤;生殖器疣;亚型

    [中图分类号] R737.33? ? ? ? ? [文献标识码] A? ? ? ? ? [文章编号] 1673-7210(2020)02(a)-0048-04

    [Abstract] Human papillomavirus (HPV) can be divided into high-risk type and low-risk type according to pathogenicity. The high-risk type mainly causes cervical cancer in women and the penis cancer in men， while the low-risk type mainly causes genital warts. Different genotypes cause certain differences in disease types. HPV-16 is the main type of female squamous cell carcinoma; HPV-18 is the main type of female adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma; HPV-16 and HPV-18 infection are the main types of male penile cancer; the main types of female genital warts and male genital warts and infertility are HPV-6 and HPV-11. Currently， there are two preventive and therapeutic vaccines for HPV on the market. Different populations should choose vaccines in a targeted and reasonable manner ......