张硕 秦云普 毕明达

    [摘要] 哮喘的病因复杂，发病机制可概括为气道免疫-炎症机制、神经调节机制及其相互作用。气道非肾上腺素能非胆碱能(NANC)神经及其释放的神经递质可通过调节气道平滑肌收缩、黏液分泌、可逆性气道阻塞、气道高反应性干预哮喘发病。神经生长因子通过调节P物质等NANC神经释放的神经激肽，影响NANC神经的可塑性。哮喘在中医辨证为“哮病”“喘证”。时下有关中医药调控哮喘气道炎症的研究较为详实，而对中医药干预哮喘NANC神经及其释放的神经递质的的报道较为少见。本文就近年来中医药干预NANC神经及其释放的神经递质与相关下游通路、神经生长因子对NANC神经的影响做一简要的综述，以期为临床研究和实验研究开阔思路。

    [关键词] 哮喘;非肾上腺素能胆碱能神经;血管活性肠肽;一氧化氮;P物质;神经生长因子

    [中图分类号] R562 ? ? ? ? ?[文献标识码] A ? ? ? ? ?[文章编号] 1673-7210(2020)06(a)-0037-04

    [Abstract] The etiology of asthma is complex， and the pathogenesis can be summarized as airway immune-inflammation mechanism， neuromodulation mechanism and their interaction. Airway non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) nerves and the neurotransmitters they release can interfere with the onset of asthma by regulating airway smooth muscle contraction， mucus secretion， reversible airway obstruction， and airway hyperresponsiveness. Nerve growth factor affects the plasticity of NANC nerve by regulating the neurokinin released by NANC nerve， such as substance P. The syndrome differentiation of asthma in traditional Chinese medicine is “wheezing disease” and “gasp syndrome”. Current studies on the regulation of airway inflammation in asthma by traditional Chinese medicine are more detailed ......