枸杞多糖与丹参酮延缓小鼠皮肤衰老的实验研究(1)
【摘要】 目的 比较枸杞多糖与丹参酮对衰老小鼠皮肤的抗衰老作用。方法 60只雌性昆明种小鼠，随机分为4组(n=15)：正常对照组皮下注射生理盐水；其余3组每日颈背部皮下注射 D-半乳糖[1000 mg/(kg•d)] 造成小鼠衰老模型，同时各组分别灌胃生理盐水(衰老模型组)、枸杞多糖[200 mg/(kg•d)]、丹参酮[1 500 mg/(kg•d)]。42 d后，测定小鼠背部皮肤组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力、过氧化脂质代谢产物丙二醛(MDA)含量和皮肤羟脯氨酸(Hyp)含量。结果 枸杞多糖可使衰老模型小鼠皮肤中MDA含量显著降低,较丹参酮组明显； 但SOD活力显著升高,不及丹参酮组改变显著；枸杞多糖和丹参酮均可使羟脯氨酸含量升高，且效果相当。结论 枸杞多糖与丹参酮都有显著的抗小鼠皮肤衰老作用，枸杞多糖清除皮肤中脂质过氧化代谢产物方面较丹参酮明显,而提高皮肤抗氧化酶活力则不及丹参酮显著，在增强成纤维细胞活性方面两者效果相当。
【关键词】皮肤衰老；枸杞多糖；丹参酮
Experimental research on the skin aging function of tanshinoneand lycium barbarum polysaccharides
LIANG Jie，LI Xiang.Department of Plastic Surgery，Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524001，China
【Abstract】 Objective To compare the anti-aging effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and Tanshinone on the skin of D-galactose-induced mice aging model.Methods 60 female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15):Mice in normal control group received subcutaneous injection of normal saline and mice in the other 3 groups received cervicodorsal injection of D-galactose[1000 mg/(kg1•d)] for 42 d to establish subacute aging model.The experimental groups included agingmodel group (without further treatment)，Lycium barbarum polysaccharides [200 mg/(kg•d)group，Tanshinone [1 500 mg/(kg•d)] group.Forty two days later，the dorsal skin samples were collected to determine SOD activities、MDA and hydroxyproline contents. Results The effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides isbetter than Tanshinone significantly in decrease the content of MDA，but in increase the SOD activity Tanshinone have better effection.Both of them can increaseing the hydroxyproline contents，but these is no different.Conclusion Both Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and Tanshinone have noticeable anti-skin aging effects，Lycium barbarum polysaccharides is better than Tanshinone in clearing skin lipid peroxidation metabolites aspects，but Tanshinone have better effection in enhancing Oxidase activity，they have no different effection in enhanceing fibroblasts.
【Key words】Skin aging；Lycium barbarum polysaccharides；Tanshinone
当今社会由于老龄化的加速到来以及人们对美的强烈追求，希望借助医学手段延缓衰老，永保青春。枸杞为茄科植物枸杞成熟果实，明朝李时珍在《本草纲目》中记载：枸杞有“久服，坚筋骨，轻身不老，……，令人长寿” 等功效。枸杞多糖(lycium barbarumpoysaccharides，LBP) 是枸杞子的主要活性成分之一，有抗氧化延缓皮肤衰老的作用。丹参酮是唇形科植物(salvia miltorrhiza Bge)的有效成分，有明显抗衰老作用[1]。笔者在D-半乳糖所致小鼠衰老模型基础上分别灌服枸杞多糖或丹参酮，比较二者对衰老小鼠皮肤中某些抗衰老指标的影响。
1 材料与方法
1.1 动物 3月龄清洁级雌性昆明种小鼠60只，平均体质量(25±2) g购自广东医学院实验动
物中心，随机分为4组，正常对照组、D-半乳糖衰老模型组、枸杞多糖组、丹参酮组，每组15只。
1.2 方法
1.2.1 实验步骤 灌胃、皮下注射均按无菌操作进行。42 d 后，小鼠断颈处死，背部皮肤取下后迅速冰冻保存，拟作皮肤组织匀浆及测定皮肤抗衰老指标用。正常对照组：每日颈背部皮下注射生理盐水0.2 ml，同时灌服生理盐水(0.1 ml /10 g)；D-半乳糖(衰老模型)组：每日颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖[1000 mg/(kg•d)]，同时灌服生理盐水(0.1 ml / 10 g)；枸杞多糖组：每日颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖[(1000 mg/(kg•d)]，同时灌服枸杞多糖[200 mg/(kg• d)]； 丹参酮组：每日颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖[1000 mg/(kg•d)]，同时灌服丹参酮 [1 500 mg/(kg•d)]。
1.2.2 10%皮肤匀浆的制备 取脱毛后背部皮肤组织0.5 g左右，经预冷生理盐水漂洗，除去皮下脂肪和其他结缔组织，滤纸拭干，称重，量筒量取该组织块9倍重量预冷生理盐水，先取2/3量倒入装有组织块烧杯中，剪碎组织块后倒入匀浆管中，将剩余1/3生理盐水冲洗烧杯壁，一起倒入匀浆器中进行匀浆，上下转动研磨数10次(10~15 min)，充分研磨，使组织浆液化。再将制备好的10%匀浆用低温低速离心机以转速3000转/min离心15 min，取上清液备用。(梁 杰 李 响)