乌市综合医院与精神病院护理人员心理健康状况调查分析(1)
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【摘要】目的了解乌鲁木齐市属综合医院及精神病院护理人员心理健康状况,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用统一症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS),对乌鲁木齐市属综合医院及精神病院护理人员进行横断面现场调查。结果共调查了368名护理人员,综合医院各项因子分均高于常模,除人际关系外,其余各项因子及焦虑总分与常模比较,有统计学差异(P<0.01),精神病院组以躯体化、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执、精神病6项因子分高于常模,躯体化、强迫、人际关系、偏执及抑郁总分与常模比较,有统计学差异(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论护士群体面对职业压力,心理状况较普通人群差,卫生主管部门应建立有针对性的支持系统和心理咨询机构,尤其对从事高风险性护理工作的护士更应该建立有效的干预机制。
【关键词】
SCL-90; 焦虑;抑郁;护理人员;心理状况
Investigation on mental health of nurses among mental and general hospitals in Urumqi
LI YingGAO-yun.Friendship Hospital of Wrumqi, Wrumqi 830049,China
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo comprehend the situation of mental health of nursing staff from Mental and General hospitals in Urumqi City. MethodsA general questionnair of anonymity was also carried out, and totally 368 questionnaires were delivered. Meanwhile, SCL-90、SAS、SDS were also applied for the investigation. ResultsThere were 368 available. All factor grades of SCL-90 and Anxiety in General hospital when compared with national norm and there were obvious differences except for relationship(P<0.01). Body, anxiety, constraint, terror,obstinate and psychosis of SCL-90 scales were higher in Mental hospital when compared with national norm .There were differences in factor grades of body,constraint, relationship,obstinate and Depression ofMental hospital(P<0.05).ConclusionNurses face with professional pressure. Sanitary relevant authorities should establish support system with pertinence and psychological consult institutions to direct and train nursing personnel in dealing with various nursing model, especially, effective intervention mechanism should be set up for nurses in high risk nursing.
【Key words】
SCL-90; Anxiety; Depression;Nurses; Mental health
职业是维持人们心理健康的一个重要因素,护理工作是脑力和体力劳动相接合的职业,具有很大的压力和职业风险性,易使护士产生急燥情绪,导致和工作对象、亲友的关系紧张,由于体力严重透支,社会认同感差,护理队伍稳定性不好。为此,作者对乌鲁木齐市属唯一一家综合医院及精神病院的护理人员进行问卷调查,现报告如下。
1对象和方法
1.1调查对象采用整群抽样法,对市属综合医院及精神病院的从事护理工作在一年以上的护理人员全部整群抽样。本次调查共发放372份调查表,收回有效问卷368份,有效回收率为 98.92%。
1.2调查方法利用两所医院护理人员开会时间,集中进行自我评定,评定前由专业人员先讲清楚填写问卷的方法和要求,并强调反向问题的意义,使受试者完全理解含义,然后在护理部主任或科护士长的组织下集中匿名填写,由被调查者独立填写完成,即发即收。
1.3问卷
1.3.1症状自评量表(SCL-90)[1]由L.R.Derogatis编制,由90 个项目组成,包括9个因子,分别为躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌意、恐怖、妄想和精神病性,按1~5级评分(1分为没有症状,5分为极严重),分析指标阳性项目数(≥43 项为阳性) ......
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