农民乳腺癌化疗患者疾病应对方式的现状及强化护理宣教的影响(1)
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[摘要] 目的 测评农民乳腺癌化疗患者的疾病应对方式，探讨强化护理对其影响。 方法 将我院化疗的农民乳腺癌患者随机分成宣教组和常护组，并与非农民乳腺癌患者(对照组)作对照，宣教组除接受常规护理外，另接受针对农民乳腺癌患者的强化护理，共12周。在入选时和第12周评价应对方式。 结果 农民乳腺癌患者在听天由命和逃避方面得分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)；在第12周后宣教组和常护组比较，寻求支持、情感宣泄、听天由命和逃避量表的得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 农民乳腺癌患者多采用逃避和听天由命的疾病应对方式，强化护理宣教可有效改善其疾病应对方式。
[关键词] 护理；乳腺癌；应对方式；农民
[中图分类号] R473.73 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2012)02-0110-03
The clinical study of intensive care treatment effect on coping style in illness of peasant with mammary cancer patients
WANG Weiqing LU Weihua
Department of Oncology, the 1st People's Hospital of Wenling City, Wenling Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenling 317500, China
[Abstract] Objective To know the present situation of coping style in illness of peasants who suffered from mammary cancer, and explore the effect of intensive care treatment on coping style in illness. Methods All of 123 peasant patients suffered mammary cancer were randomized into the compared group and the obseaved group, 61 patients who were not peasants were enrolled to compare the coping style with the peasant patients. The obseaved group accepted routine care and intensive care for 12 months, the compared group were given routine care only. Coping styles were evaluated at 12 weeks during the intervention. Results The the coping styles of fatalistic coping and evasive coping were significantly high in peasant patients. After 12 month intensive care, the coping styles which including emotive coping, fatalistic coping, evasive coping and seek help coping changed significantly in the obseaved group. Conclusion Fatalistic coping and evasive coping are the most common coping styles of peasant mammary cancer patients, intensive care is a good mothod to improve the coping styles of these patients.
[key words] Care; Mammary cancer; Coping style in illness; Peasant
乳腺癌是最常见、最多发的恶性肿瘤之一，全球乳腺癌的发病率以年均约3%的速度递增[l，2]。化疗是乳腺癌病程各期的积极治疗措施，患者面对乳腺癌和化疗会产生极大的恐惧感，因此，让患者正确认识疾病和治疗对于提高疗效至关重要[3]。临床工作中发现农民乳腺癌患者由于其知识匮乏和经济能力薄弱，对疾病的应对方式极为消极。本研究测评农民乳腺癌化疗患者对疾病的应对方式，探讨强化护理宣教对农民乳腺癌化疗患者疾病应对方式的影响。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选择2008年10月～2010年10月在温岭市第一人民医院进行住院化疗的农民乳腺癌患者为研究对象。所有患者均经病理确诊为乳腺癌。排除下列患者：年龄大于65岁或小于18岁；远处转移或乳腺癌复发者；有严重心、肝、肾等脏器功能障碍患者；本人或家属拒绝参加本研究者。
1.2 研究方法
首先调查入选农民乳腺癌患者对疾病的应对方式，然后随机分成试验组和常护组。并设立对照组(患者为非农村户口乳腺癌患者)与农民乳腺癌患者(试验组和常护组)做比较。常护组和对照组患者在宣教期间接受医院常规护理(简单介绍疾病相关知识、监测生命体征、做好输液护理)，试验组在常规护理基础上 ......
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