摘 要：食品微生物污染已成为威胁人类健康的重大公共卫生问题，迫切需要高效监测手段。快速检测技术因具有检测周期短、灵敏度高、自动化程度高等优势，在食品检验领域展现出广阔的应用前景。本文分析了免疫学、生物传感器、电化学、分子生物学和光谱5大类快速检测技术的原理和在食品微生物检测中的应用，提出了加大人才培养力度、加强技术创新、建立监管机制等建议，旨在推动快速检测技术在食品安全领域的推广应用，为食品安全提供有力的技术支撑。

    关键词：食品检验；微生物检验；快速检测方法；应用

    Study on Rapid Detection Method of Food Microorganism

    HUANG Yuan

    (Qiannan Inspection and Testing Institute， Duyun 558000， China)

    Abstract： Microbial contamination of food has become a major public health problem threatening human health， and efficient monitoring methods are urgently needed. Rapid detection technology has shown broad application prospects in the field of food inspection due to its advantages of short detection cycle， high sensitivity， and high degree of automation. This article analyzes the principles and applications of five categories of rapid detection technologies， namely immunology， biosensors， electrochemistry， molecular biology， and spectroscopy， in food microbiology testing. Suggestions are proposed to increase talent cultivation， strengthen technological innovation， and establish regulatory mechanisms ......