摘 要：新生儿辅食中的过敏原风险是食品安全领域的核心挑战。本研究系统分析了新生儿辅食中常见过敏原的分布特征及其健康影响机制，并提出了基于酶联免疫吸附试验(Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay，ELISA)检测技术与区块链智能溯源的技术保障体系。两者的协同有利于形成“检测-追溯-优化”闭环，可解决传统管理中的检测滞后、追溯低效与跨境合规难题。本研究可为完善婴幼儿辅食过敏原标准体系提供技术框架与实施路径。

    关键词：新生儿辅食；过敏原；酶联免疫吸附试验；区块链溯源；食品安全

    Abstract： The risk of allergens in complementary foods for newborns is a central challenge in the field of food safety. In this study， the distribution characteristics and health effects of common allergens in neonatal complementary foods were systematically analyzed， and a technical guarantee system based on enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detection technology and blockchain intelligent traceability was proposed. The synergy between the two is conducive to the formation of a closed loop of “detection-traceability-optimization”， which can solve the problems of lagging detection ......