[摘要] 气腹是外科急诊手术重要指征之一，然而，当腹膜透析病人这一类特殊人群合并气腹征象时，不能单纯考虑为脏器穿孔而盲目手术。另一方面，腹膜透析病人若合并空腔脏器穿孔，同样不能仅仅考虑为腹膜透析操作因素而导致漏诊。目前腹膜透析在国内各大、小型医院应用越来越广泛。为深入提高人们对该疾病的认识，该研究通过查阅国内外相关文献报道，对腹膜透析病人气腹产生原因及诊断思路进行阐述。

    [关键字] 腹膜透析；气腹；病因；发病机制

    [中图分类号] R45 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2015)01(c)-0191-02

    [Abstract] The pneumoperitoneum always requires emergency surgery.However，there are causes of nonsurgical pneumoperitoneum either.Patients who received peritoneal dialysis are a kind of special populations.When peritoneal dialysis patients occur with pneumoperitoneum ......