[摘要] 目的 探讨在儿童肾积水术后应用护理干预对术后并发症预防的效果。方法 该研究方便选择 2017年1—12月入住该院治疗的60例肾积水患儿为对象，在随机数字表法处理下均分为对照组与观察组各30例。观察组患儿实施围手术期的护理路径，对照组患儿实施常规泌尿护理。对比两组肾积水患儿的临床疗效及术后并发症。结果 观察组患儿经护理后的总有效率(96.67%)明显高于对照组患儿(80.00%)，差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.040，P=0.044)。观察组肾积水患儿的术后并发症发生率(6.67%)明显低于对照组患儿(30.00%)，差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.450，P=0.019)。 结论 肾积水患儿接受围手术期护理可降低术后的感染率，避免出现肾功能衰竭或尿毒症等并发症，进而提高了患儿的手术治疗效果，值得在术后并发症的预防中应用。

    [关键词] 护理干预；小儿肾积水；术后并发症

    [中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2018)05(c)-0156-03

    [Abstract] Objective This paper tries to investigate the effect of postoperative nursing intervention on the prevention of postoperative complications in children with hydronephrosis. Methods This study selected 60 cases of children with hydronephrosis who were admitted to this hospital from January to December 2017. They were convenient selected and divided into control group and observation group ......