微创经皮输尿管镜取石术对输尿管上段结石的疗效观察分析(1)
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[摘要] 目的:观察微创经皮输尿管镜取石术治疗上尿系结石的疗效,探讨输尿管上段结石的治疗方法。方法:观察组行微创经皮输尿管镜取石术,对照组行传统输尿管切开取石术。结果:两组结石清除率均为100%(P>0.05)。经治疗后,观察组在手术时间、术后住院时间、术中出血量方面均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微创经皮输尿管镜取石术治疗输尿管上段结石清除率高,手术时间及术后住院时间短、术中出血量少,值得临床推广。
[关键词] 微创经皮输尿管镜取石术;输尿管上段结石;输尿管切开取石术
[中图分类号] R691.4 [文献标识码]A[文章编号]1674-4721(2011)02(c)-027-02
Minimally invasive percutaneous ureteroscopic stone surgery on the efficacy of upper ureteral calculi observation and analysis
LIU Qiang1, ZHANG Xiaozhong2, HUANG Ying2, WU Shaowen2
(1.Department of Urology, Longhua Branch of Shenzhen People′s Hospital, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen 518109, China; 2.Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, Shenzhen 518001, China)
[Abstract] Objective: Minimally invasive percutaneous ureteroscopic stone treatment on urinary stone efficacy of ureteral calculi treatment. Methods: Minimally invasive percutaneous group underwent ureteroscopic stone surgery in the control group underwent conventional surgery ureterolithotomy. Results: There were stone clearance rates were 100% (P>0.05). After treatment, the observation group operation time, hospitalization time, blood loss, less than the control group terms, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Minimally invasive percutaneous ureteroscopic treatment of upper ureteral stone stone clearance rate, operation time and postoperative hospital stay is short, less blood loss, is worthy of promotion.
[Key words] Minimally invasive percutaneous ureteroscopic stone removal; Ureteral calculi; Ureterolithotomy surgery
泌尿系结石是临床常见疾病,尤其是输尿管上段结石的发生率很高。对上尿路结石的治疗以往多采用体外冲击波碎石,但有些较大、较硬的结石需行开放性手术治疗,但手术创伤大,对患者带来的痛苦大。近年来,随着微创技术的发展,微创技术逐渐用于输尿管上段结石的治疗。本院从2008年1月~2009年6月采用微创经皮输尿管镜取石术治疗输尿管上段结石患者30例,效果较好。现报道如下:
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
2008年1月~2009年6月,本院收治输尿管上段结石患者共60例,其中采用微创经皮输尿管镜取石术30例,作为观察组,其中,男22例,女8例;年龄19~54岁,平均(35.3±4.3)岁;左侧输尿管上段结石16例,右侧输尿管上段结石14 例;结石直径为12~26 mm,平均(15.1±3.9) mm。采用常规输尿管切开取石术30例,作为对照组,其中,男21例,女9例;年龄21~55岁,平均(34.9±5.1)岁;左侧输尿管上段结石15例,右侧输尿管上段结石15例;结石直径为13~26 mm,平均(15.5±4.2) mm。两组患者性别、年龄、结石位置等一般资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
1.2 手术方法
观察组行微创经皮输尿管镜取石术,采用硬膜外麻醉,患者取俯卧位,患侧腰部垫高15°,在11肋间腋后线和肩胛下线之间选择穿刺点,穿刺成功后,插入斑马导丝,扩张器从8F开始,逐渐扩张至16F,插入输尿管镜,结合术前X线片找到并对准结石,气压弹道粉碎结石并取出。对照组常规行输尿管切开取石术。
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