小鼠胚胎心动脉囊的发生发育(1)
【摘要】 目的：探讨小鼠胚胎动脉囊的发生发育及其与第二生心区的关系。方法：对胚龄9～13 d(ED9～13)小鼠头胸部切片做HE和免疫组织化学PAP法染色。结果：ED10，动脉囊出现于心流出道远端，管壁主要由胰岛素增强子结合蛋白-1(ISL1)阳性内皮和间充质细胞构成，可见第二生心区、原始咽腹侧壁内胚层的ISL1阳性细胞增生并迁移至动脉囊壁。ED11～12，心动脉端向尾端移位、心包腔向头端及背侧扩展及ISL1阳性细胞的添加使动脉囊大部降入心包腔。ED12～13，含有ISL1阳性细胞的主肺动脉隔与流出道嵴愈合，将心包内动脉囊分隔为升主动脉和肺动脉干；动脉囊壁ISL1阳性细胞分化为大动脉相邻及游离壁的平滑肌细胞。结论：小鼠胚胎动脉囊是第二生心区细胞添加在流出道远端形成的。动脉囊壁ISL1阳性细胞分化为流出道心肌和主肺动脉干的平滑肌。
【关键词】 胚胎； 动脉囊； 胰岛素增强子结合蛋白-1； 免疫组织化学； 小鼠
【Abstract】 Objective：To research the development of aortic sac in mouse embryo and its association with the second heart field.Method：Serial paraffin sections through head to thorax of mouse embryo，from embryonic day 9 to 13(ED9-13)，were stained with HE or immunohistochemical PAP method.Result：ED10，the aortic sac appeared distal to the outflow tract.Its wall was mainly composed of islet-1(ISL1) positive endothelium and mesenchymal cells.At this period，ISL1 positive cells from the second heart field and ventral endoderm of the primitive pharynx were observed migrating into the aortic sac.During ED11-12，the arterial pole of the heart moving caudally，the pericardial cavity expanding rostral and dorsally and the addition of ISL1 positive cells to the aortic sac collaboratively caused most of the aortic sac descended into the pericardial cavity.During ED12-13，the aorticopulmonary septum containing ISL1 positive cells，from the dorsal wall of the aortic sac，fused with the distal ridges of the outflow tract， resulting in the aortic sac in the pericardial cavity being separated into the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk.During this period，ISL1 positive cells in the aortic sac wall gradually differentiated into the smooth muscle cells of the facing walls and lateral walls of the great arteries.Conclusion：In the mouse embryo，the aortic sac develops from the addition of the second heart field-derived cells to the outflow tract.ISL1 positive cells in its wall differentiate into myocardium of the outflow tract and smooth muscle of the aortic and pulmonary trunk.
【Key words】 Embryo； Aortic sac； Islet-1； Immunohistochemistry； Mouse
First-author’s address：Shanxi Medical University， Taiyuan 030001，China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.23.009
胚胎心動脉极发生发育异常导致先天性心血管缺陷[1]。22q11.2缺失综合征患者80%有先天性主动脉弓畸形[2]，传统观点认为主动脉弓源自胚胎早期的动脉囊。动脉囊连接弓动脉和流出道，主要由间充质构成。胚胎心流出道是右心室远端延伸至心动脉端的心肌性管道，内衬内皮，与心肌间为心胶质。因成体无动脉囊，多数学者将成体心室的流出道对应于胚胎心流出道，多关注胚胎流出道的发生发育。亦有学者将动脉囊和流出道作为整体进行研究，但忽视对动脉囊的观察[3-4]。近来发现流出道是原始心管形成后第二生心区添加在心动脉端形成的[5-7]，随流出道近段逐渐心室化[8-9]，流出道远端心肌界逐渐向心包腔内退却，提示动脉囊的发生发育可能亦与咽部组织的添加有关。, http://www.100md.com(张洁 张涛 李海荣 杨艳萍 崔慧林 曹锡梅)
【关键词】 胚胎； 动脉囊； 胰岛素增强子结合蛋白-1； 免疫组织化学； 小鼠
【Abstract】 Objective：To research the development of aortic sac in mouse embryo and its association with the second heart field.Method：Serial paraffin sections through head to thorax of mouse embryo，from embryonic day 9 to 13(ED9-13)，were stained with HE or immunohistochemical PAP method.Result：ED10，the aortic sac appeared distal to the outflow tract.Its wall was mainly composed of islet-1(ISL1) positive endothelium and mesenchymal cells.At this period，ISL1 positive cells from the second heart field and ventral endoderm of the primitive pharynx were observed migrating into the aortic sac.During ED11-12，the arterial pole of the heart moving caudally，the pericardial cavity expanding rostral and dorsally and the addition of ISL1 positive cells to the aortic sac collaboratively caused most of the aortic sac descended into the pericardial cavity.During ED12-13，the aorticopulmonary septum containing ISL1 positive cells，from the dorsal wall of the aortic sac，fused with the distal ridges of the outflow tract， resulting in the aortic sac in the pericardial cavity being separated into the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk.During this period，ISL1 positive cells in the aortic sac wall gradually differentiated into the smooth muscle cells of the facing walls and lateral walls of the great arteries.Conclusion：In the mouse embryo，the aortic sac develops from the addition of the second heart field-derived cells to the outflow tract.ISL1 positive cells in its wall differentiate into myocardium of the outflow tract and smooth muscle of the aortic and pulmonary trunk.
【Key words】 Embryo； Aortic sac； Islet-1； Immunohistochemistry； Mouse
First-author’s address：Shanxi Medical University， Taiyuan 030001，China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.23.009
胚胎心動脉极发生发育异常导致先天性心血管缺陷[1]。22q11.2缺失综合征患者80%有先天性主动脉弓畸形[2]，传统观点认为主动脉弓源自胚胎早期的动脉囊。动脉囊连接弓动脉和流出道，主要由间充质构成。胚胎心流出道是右心室远端延伸至心动脉端的心肌性管道，内衬内皮，与心肌间为心胶质。因成体无动脉囊，多数学者将成体心室的流出道对应于胚胎心流出道，多关注胚胎流出道的发生发育。亦有学者将动脉囊和流出道作为整体进行研究，但忽视对动脉囊的观察[3-4]。近来发现流出道是原始心管形成后第二生心区添加在心动脉端形成的[5-7]，随流出道近段逐渐心室化[8-9]，流出道远端心肌界逐渐向心包腔内退却，提示动脉囊的发生发育可能亦与咽部组织的添加有关。, http://www.100md.com(张洁 张涛 李海荣 杨艳萍 崔慧林 曹锡梅)