农村汉回民族混居区老人的成功老龄现状及影响因素对比分析(1)
【摘要】 目的：了解民族混居区域汉族和回族老人的成功老龄现状，分析影响因素及其差异性，为混居区回族老人制定针对性的养老政策及医疗保健措施提供依据。方法：2019年5-11月在山東省5个汉回民族混居乡村，采用方便抽样法选取并访问216名60岁及以上老人，采用Flood的成功老龄量表评估其成功老龄状况，采用一般资料表、老年体力活动量表(PASE)、社会支持量表(SSRS)和Connor-Davidson的心理弹性量表测量其影响因素。结果：农村混居区回族老人的成功老龄得分为(48.40±7.19)分，高于汉族老人的(45.09±7.41)分，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示，回族老人成功老龄的影响因素为心理弹性、社会活动参与、自觉成功老龄状况、体力活动和社会支持(P<0.05);汉族老人成功老龄的影响因素为心理弹性、社会支持、听力状况、自评健康状况和患慢性疾病数量(P<0.05)。结论：对于农村混居区汉回族老人来说，与成功老龄相关性最高的均为心理弹性。两者不同之处为：汉族老人成功老龄的影响因素还与身体健康状况有关，而回族老人更注重社会活动参与。
【关键词】 混居区 回族 汉族 成功老龄
[Abstract] Objective： To understand successful aging situation of Han nationality and Hui nationality in ethnically mixed areas， and analyze influence factors and differences， so as to provide basis for formulating targeted pension policies and medical care measures. Method： From May to November in 2019， with sampling method to select 216 elderly people who were over 60 years old in 5 ethnically mixed areas in Shandong Province were selected. Successful aging scale of Flood was chosen to evaluate their aging situation， measuring influenced factors with universal documentary list， PASE， SSRS， and psychological resilience sacle of Connor-Davidson. Result： The score of successful aging of Hui elderly people in mixed rural areas was (48.40±7.19)， which was higher than (45.09±7.41) score of Han elderly people， the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the success of aging of Hui elderly were psychological resilience， social participation， self-conscious success in aging， physical activity and social support (P<0.05); factors influencing the success of aging in Han elderly were mental resilience， social support， hearing status， self-rated health status， and the number of chronic diseases (P<0.05). Conclusion： For the elderly of Han and Hui nationality in ethnically mixed areas， the highest correlation with successful aging is psychological resilience. The difference between the two is that the influencing factors of the successful aging of the Han people are also related to their physical health， while the Hui people pay more attention to the participation of social activities.
[Key words] Mixed areas Hui nationality Han nationality Successful aging
First-author’s address： Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University， Fenyang 032200， China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2020.17.019
成功老龄是指面对随年龄增长导致的机体生理功能减弱，老年人不仅能够适应还可以与周围人际关系及环境维持和谐，对目前的生活状态感到满意并能够享受生活乐趣和意义[1]。在全球步入老龄化社会尤其是我国作为老龄化大国的背景下，成功老龄不断发展并成为研究热点，越来越受到国家的重视，急需在不同老年群体间完善其社会保障制度及医疗保健等政策[2]。而我国成功老龄的研究目前集中在经济发达及单一民族地区[3]，而鲜少有对于民族混居区老年人成功老龄状况的研究。, http://www.100md.com(赵敏 丁文秀 薛晓燕)
【关键词】 混居区 回族 汉族 成功老龄
[Abstract] Objective： To understand successful aging situation of Han nationality and Hui nationality in ethnically mixed areas， and analyze influence factors and differences， so as to provide basis for formulating targeted pension policies and medical care measures. Method： From May to November in 2019， with sampling method to select 216 elderly people who were over 60 years old in 5 ethnically mixed areas in Shandong Province were selected. Successful aging scale of Flood was chosen to evaluate their aging situation， measuring influenced factors with universal documentary list， PASE， SSRS， and psychological resilience sacle of Connor-Davidson. Result： The score of successful aging of Hui elderly people in mixed rural areas was (48.40±7.19)， which was higher than (45.09±7.41) score of Han elderly people， the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing the success of aging of Hui elderly were psychological resilience， social participation， self-conscious success in aging， physical activity and social support (P<0.05); factors influencing the success of aging in Han elderly were mental resilience， social support， hearing status， self-rated health status， and the number of chronic diseases (P<0.05). Conclusion： For the elderly of Han and Hui nationality in ethnically mixed areas， the highest correlation with successful aging is psychological resilience. The difference between the two is that the influencing factors of the successful aging of the Han people are also related to their physical health， while the Hui people pay more attention to the participation of social activities.
[Key words] Mixed areas Hui nationality Han nationality Successful aging
First-author’s address： Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University， Fenyang 032200， China
doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2020.17.019
成功老龄是指面对随年龄增长导致的机体生理功能减弱，老年人不仅能够适应还可以与周围人际关系及环境维持和谐，对目前的生活状态感到满意并能够享受生活乐趣和意义[1]。在全球步入老龄化社会尤其是我国作为老龄化大国的背景下，成功老龄不断发展并成为研究热点，越来越受到国家的重视，急需在不同老年群体间完善其社会保障制度及医疗保健等政策[2]。而我国成功老龄的研究目前集中在经济发达及单一民族地区[3]，而鲜少有对于民族混居区老年人成功老龄状况的研究。, http://www.100md.com(赵敏 丁文秀 薛晓燕)
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