中英公共卫生应急体系比较与经验借鉴(1)
【摘要】英国在公共卫生方面所取得的成就与政府的重视和投入息息相关，在“预防为主、主动服务”的指导原则下使该公共卫生系统具有如下鲜明特点：(1)在卫生体制上实现垂直管理和整合性管理；(2)在疾病控制方面具有完善的传染病监控系统；(3)强大的免费院前急救系统为突发事件应急反应提供有力的支持。文章通过中英两国在公共卫生突发事件应急体系方面建设和实施等不同层面进行比较，结合目前新医改方案的要求，提出以下的措施和建议：(1)实施属地化管理和全行业管理；(2)持续增加公共卫生体系建设的投入，完善疾病监控系统以提高突发公共卫生事件的应急反应和处理能力；(3)进一步健全公共卫生信息管理体系等方面入手，大力提高应对突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力；(4)进一步完善IT系统，提高公共卫生体系的应急能力。【关键词】中国；英国；公共卫生；应急；比较分析；经验
Public health emergency response-a comparative analysis of the Chinese and British systems and relevant lessons GAO Lu.School of Public Health,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100053,China
【Abstract】Following the guidance of the “prevention-first” and “active care” principles, the UKs public health service has formed the characteristics of: (1)Vertical and integrated management;(2)Complete diseases monitoring mechanism;(3)Strong pre-hospital emergency system.Comparing the health emergency systems of the UK and China while considering the objectives of the ongoing health reform in China, this study suggests a few measures to improve the Chinese health emergency system:(1)Effort should be made to implement localization and sector-wide administration;(2)To continuously increase the investment and further improve the disease monitoring system;(3)To enhance the crisis awareness and culture the emergency response capacity of the public;(4)To further develop the IT system for the public health service. ......
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