优质护理模式对乳腺癌手术患者心理状态及护理满意度的影响观察(1)
【摘要】 目的：观察优质护理模式对乳腺癌手术患者心理状态及護理满意度的影响。方法：将在笔者所在医院接受手术治疗的90例乳腺癌患者采用随机数字表法分为观察组(优质护理)和对照组(常规护理)，各45例。观察两组护理前后负性情绪[汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)]评分变化，比较两组护理满意度。结果：两组护理后HAMA、HAMD评分均较护理前明显降低，且观察组明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理满意度高于对照组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：乳腺癌围术期实施优质护理可有助于改善患者心理情绪状态，提高护理满意度。
【关键词】 优质护理模式; 乳腺癌; 心理状态; 护理满意度
doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.19.051 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2019)19-0-03
Effects of High Quality Nursing Model on Psychological Status and Nursing Satisfaction of Patients with Breast Cancer Surgery/YU Dandan.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2019，17(19)：-115
【Abstract】 Objective：To observe the effects of high quality nursing model on psychological status and nursing satisfaction of patients with breast cancer surgery.Method：90 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery in our hospital were randomly divided into the observation group(high quality nursing) and the control group(conventional nursing)，45 cases in each group.The changes of negative emotions[Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)] scores in the two groups were observed before and after nursing.The nursing satisfaction was compared between the two groups.Result：After nursing，the scores of HAMA and HAMD in the two groups were significantly reduced compared with those before nursing，and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group，and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that of the control group，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion：High quality nursing in the perioperative period of breast cancer can help improve the psychological emotional states and enhance the nursing satisfaction.
【Key words】 High quality nursing model; Breast cancer; Psychological status; Nursing satisfaction
First-author’s address：Ezhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital，Ezhou 436000，China
乳腺癌患者入院时多存在不同程度的焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪，不利于手术及后续治疗的顺利开展[1]。优质护理模式旨在从患者入院时即对其实施健康宣教、心理干预等一系列优质、有序、人性化的护理服务，改善患者的身心状态，以最佳状态接受诊治[2]。本研究将优质护理模式应用于乳腺癌手术围术期护理中，具体报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2017年6月-2018年6月在笔者所在医院接受手术治疗的90例乳腺癌患者。纳入标准：(1)符合乳腺癌诊断标准[3];
(2)同意于笔者所在医院进行手术;(3)有正常表达与沟通能力。排除标准：(1)存在精神障碍、认知障碍;(2)患有严重心、肝、肾等脏器病变;(3)依从性差，配合不佳。患者对本研究内容均知情同意。采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，各45例。两组一般资料比较，差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性，见表1。
1.2 方法
对照组予以常规护理，主要包括术前了解患者病情与一般情况，进行常规术前准备，与患者交代术中可能出现不适、疼痛及注意事项。观察组实施全程优质护理，(1)入院优质护理：入院时亲切接待，护理人员带患者认识主治医师，介绍病友，熟悉科室，迅速消除其模式感;为患者营造温馨、舒适的住院环境，保证病房安静、舒适、整洁;为患者详细介绍手术相关注意事项;详尽、准确了解患者的病史、药物过敏史，进行术前评估以确定护理计划，为手术做好充分准备;与患者面谈，了解困惑与情绪状态，针对负性情绪予以及时疏解;与家属密切沟通，了解家属对患者精神支持的重要性。(2)术前准备：为患者安排陪检护士，介绍各项检查的目的、注意事项、配合方法等，并告知家属检查耗时;陪检护士全程陪伴，发现问题及时告知医生，期间保护好患者隐私;展示成功案例，使患者重树信心;指导患者术前充分休息，增强营养。(3)术后优质护理：术后联合家属给予患者心理疏导，感受到其家庭、社会形象与地位不会因身体缺陷而受到影响;密切关注患者的疼痛情况，对疼痛程度进行评估，必要时予以适当镇痛，通过播放轻松的音乐、聊天等方式帮助患者转移注意力;术后留置引流管会造成患者行动不便，告知自理能力降低只是暂时情况，同时为其加设引流固定以扩大活动范围;鼓励患者术后进行适当的活动，以加快康复。, 百拇医药(余丹丹)
【关键词】 优质护理模式; 乳腺癌; 心理状态; 护理满意度
doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2019.19.051 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805(2019)19-0-03
Effects of High Quality Nursing Model on Psychological Status and Nursing Satisfaction of Patients with Breast Cancer Surgery/YU Dandan.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2019，17(19)：-115
【Abstract】 Objective：To observe the effects of high quality nursing model on psychological status and nursing satisfaction of patients with breast cancer surgery.Method：90 patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery in our hospital were randomly divided into the observation group(high quality nursing) and the control group(conventional nursing)，45 cases in each group.The changes of negative emotions[Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)] scores in the two groups were observed before and after nursing.The nursing satisfaction was compared between the two groups.Result：After nursing，the scores of HAMA and HAMD in the two groups were significantly reduced compared with those before nursing，and the scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group，and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The nursing satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that of the control group，the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion：High quality nursing in the perioperative period of breast cancer can help improve the psychological emotional states and enhance the nursing satisfaction.
【Key words】 High quality nursing model; Breast cancer; Psychological status; Nursing satisfaction
First-author’s address：Ezhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital，Ezhou 436000，China
乳腺癌患者入院时多存在不同程度的焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪，不利于手术及后续治疗的顺利开展[1]。优质护理模式旨在从患者入院时即对其实施健康宣教、心理干预等一系列优质、有序、人性化的护理服务，改善患者的身心状态，以最佳状态接受诊治[2]。本研究将优质护理模式应用于乳腺癌手术围术期护理中，具体报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
选取2017年6月-2018年6月在笔者所在医院接受手术治疗的90例乳腺癌患者。纳入标准：(1)符合乳腺癌诊断标准[3];
(2)同意于笔者所在医院进行手术;(3)有正常表达与沟通能力。排除标准：(1)存在精神障碍、认知障碍;(2)患有严重心、肝、肾等脏器病变;(3)依从性差，配合不佳。患者对本研究内容均知情同意。采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，各45例。两组一般资料比较，差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)，具有可比性，见表1。
1.2 方法
对照组予以常规护理，主要包括术前了解患者病情与一般情况，进行常规术前准备，与患者交代术中可能出现不适、疼痛及注意事项。观察组实施全程优质护理，(1)入院优质护理：入院时亲切接待，护理人员带患者认识主治医师，介绍病友，熟悉科室，迅速消除其模式感;为患者营造温馨、舒适的住院环境，保证病房安静、舒适、整洁;为患者详细介绍手术相关注意事项;详尽、准确了解患者的病史、药物过敏史，进行术前评估以确定护理计划，为手术做好充分准备;与患者面谈，了解困惑与情绪状态，针对负性情绪予以及时疏解;与家属密切沟通，了解家属对患者精神支持的重要性。(2)术前准备：为患者安排陪检护士，介绍各项检查的目的、注意事项、配合方法等，并告知家属检查耗时;陪检护士全程陪伴，发现问题及时告知医生，期间保护好患者隐私;展示成功案例，使患者重树信心;指导患者术前充分休息，增强营养。(3)术后优质护理：术后联合家属给予患者心理疏导，感受到其家庭、社会形象与地位不会因身体缺陷而受到影响;密切关注患者的疼痛情况，对疼痛程度进行评估，必要时予以适当镇痛，通过播放轻松的音乐、聊天等方式帮助患者转移注意力;术后留置引流管会造成患者行动不便，告知自理能力降低只是暂时情况，同时为其加设引流固定以扩大活动范围;鼓励患者术后进行适当的活动，以加快康复。, 百拇医药(余丹丹)