儿科病房234株细菌分布与耐药性分析(1)
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【摘要】目的：了解儿科病原菌分布及其耐药现状。方法：对2008年1月至2011年2月儿科病房感染患者标本分离出病原菌234株,药敏试验以Kirby-Bauer法和CLSI标准判读结果,进行细菌耐药性分析。结果234株细菌中革兰阴性菌占53·4%,革兰阳性菌占46·6%；金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和凝固酶 阴性葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林菌株(MRCNS)分别占53.7%和65.4%,未发现万古霉素耐药株。大肠埃希菌产超广谱 β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)株占48%,克雷伯菌中为31·6%；结论儿科病房MRSA和MRCNS及产ESBL的大肠埃希菌及肺炎克雷伯菌的检出率和耐药率高。提高病原菌的送检率，加强细菌耐药性监测，对指导临床合理应用抗菌药物，避免和减少耐药株的产生有着重要的意义。
【关键词】儿科 ；细菌分布；耐药性
Distribution of 234 pediatric ward and drug resistance of bacteria
Yi tianJiang Mo Si QinZhang Gang
(Hezhou People's Hospital of PediatricsGuangxiHezhou542800)
【Abstract】Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance of pediatric pathogens. Methods of January 2008 to February 2011 the pediatric ward infection pathogens isolated from 234 specimens, the Kirby-Bauer susceptibility test method and the CLSI standard interpretation of the results of the analysis of bacterial resistance. Results 234 Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 53.4% of bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, 46.6%; of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and coagulase-negative staphylococcus strains resistant to methicillin (MRCNS) accounted for 53.7 % and 65.4%, vancomycin resistant strains was not found. Escherichia coli producing extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) strains accounted for 48%, Klebsiella 31.6%; Conclusion pediatric ward MRSA and ESBL producing Escherichia coli MRCNS and Craig and pneumonia Bo detection rate of bacteria and drug resistance is high. Improve the submission rate of pathogens, to strengthen surveillance of bacterial resistance, for guiding rational use of antimicrobial drugs to prevent and reduce the production of drug-resistant strains has important significance.
【Key words】Pediatrics; bacterial distribution; drug resistance
为了解和掌握儿科细菌分布和药敏情况，以达到指导临床合理使用抗菌药物的目的。本文对儿科病房2008年1月至2011年2月送检的234株临床标本的细菌培养及药敏结果进行总结分析现报道如下。
1资料与方法
1.1标本来源234株病原菌均来自儿科病房感染性患者，所分离到的234株细菌主要来自血液标本100株占42.7%居首位，其次是痰标本75株占32.1%，粪便标本25株占10.7%；尿液标本分离18株占7.7%，伤口分泌物6株占2.6%、眼结膜拭子和脑脊液标本各3株占1.3%、其他标本4株占1.7%。
其中呼吸道感染患儿175例占74.8%，消化道感染患儿25例占10.7%，尿道感染患儿18例占7.7% ......
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