杨红霞 姜敏

    [摘要]呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)是引起2岁以下儿童急性下呼吸道感染最常见的病原体，也是导致患儿住院的主要原因，对儿童健康构成了严重威胁，然而其具体的致病机制至今尚不清楚，目前也尚无有效的抗病毒药物及疫苗。microRNAs 是一种小的非编码 RNAs，是基因表达转录后调控中最重要的分子。研究显示多种 microRNAs 在 RSV 感染后出现异常表达，并可通过参与先天免疫反应、调控淋巴细胞分化、影响细胞因子生成等机制在 RSV 感染后发挥调节作用，很可能是 RSV 感染诊断的潜在生物标记和治疗靶点。本文综述 microRNAs 在 RSV 感染中的研究进展，为探讨 RSV 的致病机制及抗病毒药物和疫苗的研发提供新的思路。

    [关键词]呼吸道合胞病毒; microRNAs;儿童;急性下呼吸道感染

    [中图分类号] R392? [文献标识码] A? [文章编号]2095-0616(2022)08-0055-05

    Research progress of microRNAs in respiratory syncytial virus infection

    YANG? Hongxia? JIANG? Min

    Department of Pediatrics， Shenzhen University General Hospital， Guangdong， Shenzhen 518000， China

    [Abstract] Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen causing acute lower respiratory tract infection in children under 2 years old. It is also the main cause of hospitalization and poses a serious threat to children’s health. However， its specific pathogenesis is still unclear， and there is no effective antiviral drug and vaccine at present. MicroRNA， a small non-coding RNA， is the most important molecule in post- transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Studies have shown that a variety of microRNAs are abnormally expressed after RSV infection ......