骨科老年患者术后认知功能障碍原因及护理策略研究(1)

http://www.100md.com 2019年7月1日 《世界睡眠医学杂志》 20197

     摘要 目的：探討骨科老年患者术后发生认知功能障碍的主要原因，并制定有效的护理策略。方法：选取2017年2月至2019年2月郑州大学附属洛阳中心医院收治的骨科术后认知功能障碍老年患者68例作为研究对象，按照双盲法分为观察组和对照组，每组34例。分别采取系统化护理与常规护理，分析所有患者术后发生认知功能障碍的主要原因，并在护理后比较2组患者护理满意度、住院时间和认知功能恢复时间。结果：导致骨科老年患者术后认知功能障碍发生原因中48.53%为麻醉因素，32.35%为心理因素，19.12%为睡眠紊乱因素;观察组患者满意率为97.06%，与对照组患者的73.53%相比优势明显，且对照组患者住院时间长于观察组患者，认知功能恢复时间长于观察组患者，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：麻醉、不良心理、睡眠紊乱均是导致老年骨科患者术后发生认知功能障碍的原因，系统化护理应用于患者的护理过程中，能够促进认知功能的恢复，值得推广。

    关键词 老年;骨科;术后认知功能障碍;护理策略

    Causes and Nursing Strategies of Cognitive Dysfunction in Elderly Orthopaedic Patients after Operation

    Guo Luoping

    (Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University，Luoyang 471000，China)

    Abstract Objective：To explore the main causes of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with orthopaedics，and to develop effective nursing strategies.Methods：From February 2017 to Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University in February 2019 orthopaedic postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients 68 cases，in accordance with double -blind group standards are divided into obervation group and control group，34 cases，systematic nursing were taken respectively with conventional care，analyze all of the main causes of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients with，and to compare two groups after nursing care satisfaction，length of hospital stay，and cognitive function recovery time.Results：48.53%，32.35% and 19.12% were anesthetic factors，psychological factors and sleep disturbance factors.The satisfaction rate of the obervation group was 97.06%，which was significantly superior to that of the control group(73.53%).In addition，the length of hospital stay of the control group was longer than that of the obervation group，and the recovery time of cognitive function was longer than that of the obervation group，with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion：Anesthesia，poor psychology and sleep disorder are the causes of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly orthopaedic patients.The application of systematic nursing in the nursing process of patients can promote the recovery of cognitive function，which is worthy of promotion.

    Key Words The elderly;The orthopaedic;Postoperative cognitive dysfunction;Nursing strategy

    中图分类号：R816.8;R473文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.2095-7130.2019.07.029

    认知功能障碍在老年骨科术后发生几率较高，患者常表现为注意力不集中、记忆力减退、思维异常等，部分患者病情更加严重，甚至会出现人格改变、精神错乱、焦虑等情况，在发生这种情况后，不仅仅会延长患者的住院时间，还会影响到患者的术后康复，本研究选取我院68例老年骨科术后认知功能障碍患者，探讨其发病原因并对护理策略进行了研究，现报道如下。(郭洛萍)

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